This is a group of diseases caused by microorganisms (bacteria, viruses and fungi). The main route of infection is sexual. Less commonly - household, when using personal hygiene items of an infected person: towels, washcloths, linen, razors. Characterized by high contact and rapid spread. The reason for this is sexual licentiousness - an early onset of sexual activity, frequent change of partners, non-observance of personal hygiene rules, occasional fleeting relationships with unfamiliar or completely unfamiliar partners without the use of mechanical protective equipment (condoms).
The insidiousness of sexually transmitted diseases is that they negatively affect the state of the reproductive system, cause inflammatory and chronic diseases of the genitourinary system, infertility, affect the development of the pathology of pregnancy, lead to non-gestation, and are also one of the causes of cancer.
There are more than 21 such diseases under the WHO classification.
Depending on the type of pathogen, genital infections are:
- bacterial infections (gonorrhea, syphilis, chlamydia, mycoplasmosis);
- viral infections (genital herpes, AIDS, human papillomavirus infection);
- parasitic infections (candidiasis, trichomoniasis)
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Sexually transmitted diseases |
Agent |
Transmission |
Symptoms |
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Gonococcus. The viability of gonococcus outside the human body is small. In a humid environment (wet washcloth, towel) can exist for up to 24 hours, in a soapy solution 1-2 hours. |
The genital tract, however, can be transmitted through personal hygiene items used by an infected person. |
Mucopurulent discharge, itching, burning during urination, pain in the lower abdomen. |
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Clamidiosis |
Mostly sexual. |
The disease is asymptomatic, as a rule, takes a chronic form. |
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Treponema Pallidum. The causative agent is always in the blood, sperm, saliva of the patient. |
Sexual, with household syphilis, the transmission route of the household (through dishes, a towel, a washcloth, a razor). |
The first period is general weakness, headache, msometimes fever. The patient regards his condition as flu. The secondary period is pinkish-red spots throughout the body. In the tertiary period, bone weaving is affected. |
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Mycoplasma |
Sexual |
Symptoms as with the inflammatory process of the genitourinary system: clear discharge, burning sensation during urination, slight pain in the lower abdomen. |
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Herpes simplex virus, mainly of the second type (HSV -2) |
Sexual |
Swelling, redness of the affected area, itching, small multiple vesicles, pain. |
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Human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV 16 and 18 have a high degree of malignancy. |
Sexual |
May appear three weeks after contact. Single pink, sometimes with a gray tint of condyloma (warts), which are able to grow, resemble cauliflower. Itching, burning. |
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Aids disease |
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) |
Sexual, parenteral (with transfusion of infected blood), intrauterine. |
Headache, weakness, weight loss up to 10%, diarrhea, loss of appetite, enlarged lymph nodes, excessive sweating. |
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Fungus |
Sexual, household |
Itching, burning, caseous discharge. |
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Trichomonas |
Sexual, household |
Profuse foamy discharge of gray-yellow color, itching, burning. |
Diagnostics of sexually transmitted diseases
-Vaginal smear on the flora to assess the degree of purity of the vagina.
- A smear from the cervical canal for detection by the method of polymerase chain reaction of chlamydia, ureaplasma, mycoplasma, herpes simplex virus.
- An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is used in the diagnosis of urogenital infections to detect specific immunoglobulins (IgG and IgM) in the blood serum.).
- Analysis at TORCH-infections.
Treatment for sexually transmitted diseases
Specialists of the Bogoliuby Center for Reproductive Medicine note that an examination with a sexual partner is an important factor in preventing re-infection and effective treatment. Treatment is prescribed according to the results of a laboratory study, given the resistance of the pathogen to drugs. As a rule, the treatment is complex and includes antibiotic therapy, immunostimulating therapy, and local treatment.
Today, the Bogoliuby Center for Reproductive Medicine is the only clinic in the field that has a license from the Ministry of Health for vaccination against human papillomavirus infection (PVI). The vaccine is registered and recommended by the Ministry of Health. It is proved that the use of a vaccine against human papillomavirus prevents the occurrence of PVI. For 5.5 years after vaccination, 100% protection against precancerous lesions remains, which prevents the development of cervical cancer.
At the Bogoliuby Center for Reproductive Medicine, vaccination is carried out subject to sanitary and epidemiological rules and norms, using only disposable, self-locking syringes, which guarantees the patient the accuracy of the dose and the inability to reuse it.
The specificity of human papillomavirus infection (PVI) is that the symptoms of the disease can occur 2 weeks after contact, and can also occur secretly. The patient, as a rule, is unaware of the onset of the disease, so the visit to the doctor is postponed, which leads to negative consequences.
In the Bolgoliuby Center for Reproductive Medicine can entrust your problem to our specialists. Appointment, diagnosis and treatment, at the request of the patient, is carried out anonymously. Each of us is responsible not only for our own lives, but also for the lives of our loved ones. Therefore, timely contact to the Center for Reproductive Medicine of the Bogoliuby will ensure safety not only for you, but also for your family.
